Carboxilic acids and esters: marzo 2012

Uses and aplications of esters

Uses and aplications of esters.

Esters

Esters.

Closely related to the carboxylic acids, there are several chemical families known as functional derivatives of carboxylic acids: the acid chlorides, anhydrides, amides and esters.

The derivatives are compounds in which the –OH of a carboxylic group is replace by –CI, -OOCR, -NH2 and in the esters case is -OR’

All of them contain the acyl group

And substituting, the general formula of the esters is:

Fatty acids: The most important industrial applications of compounds with carboxyl groups are the use of fatty acids that make soaps, detergents, and shampoos. Their solubility allows water to wash out the fat based dirt. Carboxylic acids are also important in the manufacture of greases, crayons, and plastics. they are important in the formation of fat in the body.

—A special form of carboxylic acids is the amino acids, which are carboxylic acids that also have a nitrogen-containing group called an amine group it’s important because combinations of amino acids make up the proteins. Much of the human body, like skin, hair, and muscle, is composed of protein.

The most important industrial applications of compounds with carboxyl groups are the use of fatty acids that make soaps, detergents, and shampoos. Their solubility allows water to wash out the fat based dirt. Carboxylic acids are also important in the manufacture of greases, crayons, and plastics. they are important in the formation of fat in the body.

IUPAC rules for for naiming carboxilic acids

IUPAC rules for naiming carboxilic acids.

—Rule 1: Select as the parent carbon chain that incluides the carbon atom of the carboxyl group.

—Rule 2: Name the parent chain by changing the –e ending of the corresponding alkane to –oic acid.

—Rule 3: Number the parent chain by assigning the number one to the carboxylic carbon atom, but omit this number from the name.

—Rule 4: Determine the identity and location of any substituents in the usual maner, and append this information to the front of the parent chain name.

—Rule 5: If the carbonyl group is bonded to a carbon ring, name the ring and add the words carboxylic acid. The carbon bearing the carboxyl group is always carbon 1.Locate any other ring substituents in the usual name.

Examples: