IUPAC rules for for naiming carboxilic acids

IUPAC rules for naiming carboxilic acids.

—Rule 1: Select as the parent carbon chain that incluides the carbon atom of the carboxyl group.

—Rule 2: Name the parent chain by changing the –e ending of the corresponding alkane to –oic acid.

—Rule 3: Number the parent chain by assigning the number one to the carboxylic carbon atom, but omit this number from the name.

—Rule 4: Determine the identity and location of any substituents  in the usual maner, and append this information to the front of the parent chain name.

—Rule 5: If the carbonyl group is bonded to a carbon ring, name the ring and add the words carboxylic acid. The carbon bearing the carboxyl group is always carbon 1.Locate any other ring substituents in the usual name.

Examples:

—The root name is based on the longest chain including the carboxylic acid group, therefore suffix= -oic acid.

—Hydrocarbon structure is an alkane therefore –ane

—The longest continuous chain is C4 therefore root =but

Butanoic acid